Unilateral Sinonasal Masses: Insights from a Retrospective Study

Abstract

Introduction

Unilateral sinonasal masses are a common clinical entity in otolaryngology, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms. Although inflammatory lesions predominate, neoplastic conditions may present similarly, necessitating a high degree of clinical vigilance.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients presenting with unilateral sinonasal masses at a tertiary care centre between January 2021 and December 2022. Based on histopathological evaluation, cases were stratified into inflammatory and neoplastic groups. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, radiological findings, and treatment outcomes were analysed.

Results

The study included 34 patients (mean age: 35 ± 16 years), with a male predominance (64.7%). Inflammatory lesions accounted for 79.4% of cases, with inflammatory polyps being the most prevalent histological subtype (29.4%). Neoplastic lesions comprised 20.6% of cases, including a single instance (2.9%) of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The majority underwent endoscopic surgical management, predominantly functional endoscopic sinus surgery. No recurrences were observed during one year of follow-up.

Conclusion

Inflammatory polyps represent the most frequent aetiology of unilateral sinonasal masses. Given the diagnostic overlap with neoplastic lesions, comprehensive evaluation incorporating endoscopy, imaging, and histopathology remains imperative for accurate diagnosis and optimal management.